Stanovich argues that to fully characterize differences in rational
thinking, we need to replace dual-process theories with tripartite
models of cognition. Using a unique individual differences approach, he
shows that the traditional second system (System 2) of dual-process
theory must be further divided into the reflective mind and the
algorithmic mind. Distinguishing them will allow us to better appreciate
the significant differences in their key functions: The key function of
the reflective mind is to detect the need to interrupt autonomous
processing and to begin simulation activities, whereas that of the
algorithmic mind is to sustain the processing of decoupled secondary
representations in cognitive simulation.
He mentions Georges Bush, Jr. who was very intelligent as measured by
IQ tests. But, he was not a proficient thinker as he was dogmatic, ill
informed, impatient, and prone to rash decisions sometimes associated
with devastating outcomes. Stanovich describes Bush condition as
Dysrationalia or someone who is less rational than his IQ would
suggest.
What IQ tests miss is good, and it's been a long time since I read it, but IIRC it also covers some of the stuff mentioned there. There was even a [write-up](https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/zRbh2mYgXtDJk8T42/what-intelligence-tests-miss-the-psychology-of-rational) of it on LW a long time back.
Papers on the genetics of intelligence are published every other
month. Who would defend a morality that can be discredited by a single
study?
Those studies don’t discredit egalitarian morality. They discredit
scientific authority with bad science. That’s not to say their
conclusions are necessarily wrong, just that their arguments and
evidence are not worth the paper they’re printed on (though they cost a
lot more than that.)
They never properly account for confounding factors. It's probably impossible to do so ethically, at least with current knowledge and methods.
But tell me your favorite study, if you like. I'm open to reading new work in this area.
I don't have a favorite study, I just had yet to see somebody describe them so frankly as "bad science". Still, here's one [I recently saw](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04362-x), if you're interested.
Do you have any source for more in-depth critiques following your line of thinking?
This is a meta-study. The first question is whether they properly controlled for sequencing center, day, etc. I'm not sure where their statistical model is described, so I don't know. I hope so; [plate effect is a huge concern in assessing any GWAS](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3297828/).
The usual conceptual problem with such models is that they don't account for genealogical relations between participants, but there are many confounding effects which correlate with genealogy, like socio-economic status, and obviously genes correlate with genealogy, too. This is kind of the main issue with the whole race/IQ debate, and has been at least since Glymour's [What Went Wrong: Reflections on Science by Observation and The Bell Curve](http://repository.cmu.edu/philosophy/304/)
Look at the [Q-Q plots](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%E2%80%93Q_plot) in fig.2, p. 94 of the [supplementary materials to that Nature paper](https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41467-018-04362-x/MediaObjects/41467_2018_4362_MOESM1_ESM.pdf). It shows that the null model is badly broken for all of their analyses: Extremely low p-values are much more frequent than you'd expect. When you see a Q-Q plot like that, it means your null model is broken, not that you've struck gold.
My view is that this is being published because the result is sexy, not because it's in any way convincing or [likely to lead to real biological insight](https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2164-15-S4-S5). GWAS results should be treated as suggestive until they've been validated by causal testing (which is mostly unethical, for human biology.)
**Q–Q plot**
In statistics, a Q–Q (quantile-quantile) plot is a probability plot, which is a graphical method for comparing two probability distributions by plotting their quantiles against each other. First, the set of intervals for the quantiles is chosen. A point (x, y) on the plot corresponds to one of the quantiles of the second distribution (y-coordinate) plotted against the same quantile of the first distribution (x-coordinate). Thus the line is a parametric curve with the parameter which is the number of the interval for the quantile.
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Thanks for the response! Your insight is much appreciated. I'm not really so much concerned with the race/IQ debate (I'm not an "HBD" person or whatever). Simply a person with an interest in intelligence. Hopefully the genes associated with intelligence will be better discerned using more sophisticated methods in the future.
Munguia’s article offered no support to Hispanic students, it was
simply a defense of affirmative action and, by extension, any political
party prepared to support that particular policy. A contextualizer will
usually invoke higher motives, such as aiding the oppressed. But, in
reality, they are simply promoting their in-group. So runs the decoupler
argument.
So is Falkovich, the guy who wrote this, a contextualizer, a coupler?
Is it OK for him for some reason? I’m confused.
… If I call people idiots who won’t listen to reason, how likely are
they to want to engage me in reasoned discourse? I honestly do think
this is a tendency that men often have, which is to say things that are
obviously going to cause an emotional reaction, and then say “See, look
how emotional you are, why can’t you respond with logic?” Charles
Murray, for instance, should have known exactly what he would get when
he wrote a book making arguments about racial intellectual inferiority
in a country with a hideous history of racial dehumanization. But
instead of trying to understand where his critics were coming from, he
simply assumed that they could not handle his ideas. Same with James
Damore: There were many ways he could have written his memo that would
have been more empathetic to the feelings of his colleagues. But
instead, he adopted a “fuck your feelings” mindset and was deliberately
provocative.
I don’t think ignoring people’s feelings makes you more “rational.” I
think it just makes you an asshole. …
Meanwhile, [once again]
(https://www.reddit.com/r/SneerClub/comments/7szldi/in_which_scott_alexander_is_amazed_to_have/dtchyd6)
we’ve turned a method of thought into a tribal identity, because people
always talk more rationally when you divide them into rival
factions:
To a contextualizer, decouplers are allowing themselves to be
manipulated. …
Not to mention how many of those coastal elites are not really progressive. Michael Bloomberg is basically Trump with a fitbit. These super-geniuses can't come up with anything better than something that reads like a Bobo column.
The Bay Area is full of Hispanic and black people. It just siloed them into the working class. Rich people are literally not capable of seeing who brings their catered lunches and cleans their bathrooms.
That's not even close to the worst graphic on the site. Check out these suckers:
https://i1.wp.com/d24fkeqntp1r7r.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/27201959/1-iQMztGXANhTVIlgzJES8VQ.png?resize=600%2C434
https://i2.wp.com/d24fkeqntp1r7r.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/27201955/1-4NOVEwax64idHUj5n9kNSQ.png?resize=470%2C391
Fuck that article, I sent them several so many citations asking them to print a retraction on like almost half the claims made in the article, and I was only limited because I was focusing on the phil sci stuff
As usual: fucking physics dudes man
Jacob Falkovich is a former tennis coach, soldier, and hedge fund
trader; current math geek, rationalist, and effective altruist. He
writes about numbers, rationality, and hedgehogs at Putanumonit.com. You
can follow him on Twitter @yashkaf
It’s got to the point where I just scroll down to the bottom of
Quillette articles for laughs.
Presumably this makes me a non-decoupler or whatever
1 Stanovich, K. E. “Rationality and the reflective mind” (2011)
2 Kevin Simler and Robin Hanson. “The Elephant in the Brain”
(2018)
3 Stanovich, K.E. and West, R.F. “Individual Differences in Rational
Thought” (1998)
4 Stanovich, K.E. et al. “Myside Bias, Rational Thinking, and
Intelligence” (2013)
I also tend to cite more than two distinct authors in any one paper,
and vet my sources for signs of “being a shithead contrarian for
money”
Drawing on and analysing diverse sources is also, presumably,
non-coupling
They cite Rationality and the Reflective Mind, which looks potentially interesting.
The same author also wrote What Intelligence Tests Miss: The Psychology of Rational Thought, which also looks pretty good.
Those studies don’t discredit egalitarian morality. They discredit scientific authority with bad science. That’s not to say their conclusions are necessarily wrong, just that their arguments and evidence are not worth the paper they’re printed on (though they cost a lot more than that.)
So is Falkovich, the guy who wrote this, a contextualizer, a coupler? Is it OK for him for some reason? I’m confused.
https://www.currentaffairs.org/2018/05/fear-of-the-sjw
Meanwhile, [once again] (https://www.reddit.com/r/SneerClub/comments/7szldi/in_which_scott_alexander_is_amazed_to_have/dtchyd6) we’ve turned a method of thought into a tribal identity, because people always talk more rationally when you divide them into rival factions:
I love how these dumbasses keep forgetting about the existence of POCs and the working-class.
Sam Harris is a science LARPer, you insufferable suckers.
man, remember when the term “dangerous professor” was pretty exclusively reserved for Toni Negri?
also lol this figure how do you get a venn diagram this wrong?
HAHAHAHAHA
It’s got to the point where I just scroll down to the bottom of Quillette articles for laughs.
Presumably this makes me a non-decoupler or whatever
I also tend to cite more than two distinct authors in any one paper, and vet my sources for signs of “being a shithead contrarian for money”
Drawing on and analysing diverse sources is also, presumably, non-coupling
And thought experimenter by occupation.