We collect 1,428,792 Open Source Software [OSS] repositories from GitHub and 1,440,527 Open Source AI Model [OSM] repositories from HF Hub, and conduct comprehensive statistical, social network and content analyses to measure and understand the differences in collaboration intensity, collaboration openness, and user innovation across the two development paradigms, complementing these quantitative results with semi-structured interviews.

In consequence, we find that compared to Open Source Software development paradigm, the Open Source AI Model development paradigm exhibits significantly lower collaboration intensity; lower collaboration openness regarding direct contribution while persisting relatively open knowledge exchange; and a divergence toward adaptive utilization user-innovation rather than collaborative improvement.

Through semi-structured interviews, we further elucidate the socio-technical factors underlying these differences. These findings reveal the paradigmatic divergence in open source development between traditional OSS and OSM across three critical dimensions of open source collaboration and potential underlying factors, shedding light on how to improve collaborative work techniques and practices within the context of AI development.

Maybe just send all of it off on a rocket ship to mars?